Databases

Last updated 9 months ago
Dealing with database is a required knowledge in web testing and here we will go though most known databases and how to deal with it in ruby.
SQLite
Install sqlite3 gem
gem install sqlite3
You've have to have sqlite3 development libraries installed on your system
apt-get install libsqlite3-dev
Basic operations
require "sqlite3"
​
# Open/Create a database
db = SQLite3::Database.new "rubyfu.db"
​
# Create a table
rows = db.execute <<-SQL
  CREATE TABLE attackers (
   id   INTEGER PRIMARY KEY   AUTOINCREMENT,
   name TEXT    NOT NULL,
   ip   CHAR(50)
);
SQL
​
# Execute a few inserts
{
  'Anonymous'    => "192.168.0.7",
  'LulzSec'      => "192.168.0.14",
  'Lizard Squad' => "192.168.0.253"
}.each do |attacker, ip|
  db.execute("INSERT INTO attackers (name, ip)
              VALUES (?, ?)", [attacker, ip])
end
​
# Find a few rows
db.execute "SELECT id,name,ip FROM attackers"
​
# List all tables
db.execute  "SELECT * FROM sqlite_master where type='table'"
Active Record
Install ActiveRecord gem
gem install activerecord
MySQL database
Install MySQL adapter gem
gem install mysql
Login to mysql console and create database rubyfu_db and table attackers
create database rubyfu_db;
​
grant all on rubyfu_db.* to 'root'@'localhost';
​
create table attackers (
  id int not null auto_increment,
  name varchar(100) not null,
  ip text not null,
  primary key (id)
);
​
exit
The outputs look like following
mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 41
Server version: 5.5.44-0ubuntu0.14.04.1 (Ubuntu)
​
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
​
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
​
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
​
​
mysql> create database rubyfu_db;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
​
mysql> grant all on rubyfu_db.* to 'root'@'localhost';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
​
mysql> use rubyfu_db;
Database changed
mysql> create table attackers (
    ->   id int not null auto_increment,
    ->   name varchar(100) not null,
    ->   ip text not null,
    ->   primary key (id)
    -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
​
mysql> exit
Now, let's to connect to rubyfu_db database
require 'active_record'
ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(
:adapter  => "mysql",
:username => "root",
:password => "root",
:host     => "localhost",
:database => "rubyfu_db"
)
​
class Attackers < ActiveRecord::Base
end
Using the ActiveRecord library, available as the activerecord gem.
Using the ActiveRecord adapter namely mysql
Establishing a connection to the database rubyfu_db
Creating a class called Attackers following the conventions mentioned above (attacker)
Attackers.create(:name => 'Anonymous',    :ip => "192.168.0.7")
Attackers.create(:name => 'LulzSec',      :ip => "192.168.0.14")
Attackers.create(:name => 'Lizard Squad', :ip => "192.168.0.253")
You will observe that ActiveRecord examines the database tables themselves to find out which columns are available. This is how we were able to use accessor methods for participant.name without explicitly defining them: we defined them in the database, and ActiveRecord picked them up.
You can find the item
by id
Attackers.find(1)
by name
Attackers.find_by(name: "Anonymous")
Result
#<Attackers:0x000000010a6ad0 id: 1, name: "Anonymous", ip: "192.168.0.7">
or you can work it as object
attacker = Attackers.find(3)
attacker.id
attacker.name
attacker.ip
If you want to delete an item from the database, you can use the destroy (Deletes the record in the database) method of ActiveRecord::Base:
Attackers.find(2).destroy
So to write a complete script,
#!/usr/bin/env ruby
# KING SABRI | @KINGSABRI
# ActiveRecord with MySQL
#
require 'active_record'
​
# Connect to database
ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(
                                        :adapter  => "mysql",
                                        :username => "root",
                                        :password => "root",
                                        :host     => "localhost",
                                        :database => "rubyfu_db"
                                       )
​
# Create Active Record Model for the table
class Attackers < ActiveRecord::Base
end
​
# Create New Entries to the table
Attackers.create(:name => 'Anonymous',    :ip => "192.168.0.7")
Attackers.create(:name => 'LulzSec',      :ip => "192.168.0.14")
Attackers.create(:name => 'Lizard Squad', :ip => "192.168.0.253")
​
# Interact with table items
attacker = Attackers.find(3)
attacker.id
attacker.name
attacker.ip
​
# Delete a table Item
Attackers.find(2).destroy
Oracle database
Prerequisites
in order to make ruby-oci8 -which is the main dependency for oracle driver- works you've to do some extra steps:
Download links for Linux | Windows | Mac​
instantclient-basic-[OS].[Arch]-[VERSION].zip
instantclient-sqlplus-[OS].[Arch]-[VERSION].zip
instantclient-sdk-[OS].[Arch]-[VERSION].zip
Unzip downloaded files
unzip -qq instantclient-basic-linux.x64-12.1.0.2.0.zip
unzip -qq instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-12.1.0.2.0.zip
unzip -qq instantclient-sqlplus-linux.x64-12.1.0.2.0.zip
Create system directories
as root / sudo
mkdir -p /usr/local/oracle/{network,product/instantclient_64/12.1.0.2.0/{bin,lib,jdbc/lib,rdbms/jlib,sqlplus/admin/}}
The file structure should be
/usr/local/oracle/
├── admin
│   └── network
└── product
    └── instantclient_64
        └── 12.1.0.2.0
            ├── bin
            ├── jdbc
            │   └── lib
            ├── lib
            ├── rdbms
            │   └── jlib
            └── sqlplus
                └── admin
Move files
cd instantclient_12_1
​
mv ojdbc* /usr/local/oracle/product/instantclient_64/12.1.0.2.0/jdbc/lib/
mv x*.jar /usr/local/oracle/product/instantclient_64/12.1.0.2.0/rdbms/jlib/
# rename glogin.sql to login.sql
mv glogin.sql /usr/local/oracle/product/instantclient_64/12.1.0.2.0/sqlplus/admin/login.sql
mv sdk /usr/local/oracle/product/instantclient_64/12.1.0.2.0/lib/
mv *README /usr/local/oracle/product/instantclient_64/12.1.0.2.0/
mv * /usr/local/oracle/product/instantclient_64/12.1.0.2.0/bin/
# Symlink of instantclient
cd /usr/local/oracle/product/instantclient_64/12.1.0.2.0/bin
ln -s libclntsh.so.12.1 libclntsh.so
ln -s ../lib/sdk sdk
cd -
Setup environment
Append oracle environment variables in to ~/.bashrc Then add the following:
# Oracle Environment
export ORACLE_BASE=/usr/local/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/instantclient_64/12.1.0.2.0
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_BASE/admin/network
export SQLPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin
Then run:
source ~/.bashrc
Install Oracle adapter gem
gem install ruby-oci8 activerecord-oracle_enhanced-adapter
Now let's to connect
require 'active_record'
​
ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(
                      :adapter  => "oracle_enhanced",
                      :database => "192.168.0.13:1521/XE",
                      :username => "SYSDBA",
                      :password => "welcome1"
                       )
​
class DBAUsers < ActiveRecord::Base
end
MSSQL database
Install MSSQL adapter gem
gem install tiny_tds activerecord-sqlserver-adapter
SQL Injection Scanner
Extending Burp Suite